New Zealand Cultural Impacts on Health

New Zealand Cultural Impacts on Health Demographic distribution of populations In demographic distribution of populations, Primary Health Organisations are held in charge in New Zealand for the health of their registered populations. Primary Health Organisations brings services in a range of community settings in developing access, clearly taking account on inequalities of health and how these may best be condensed. Having a health population approach may involve promoting health beyond and above treating and diagnosing illnesses. It also involves a Primary Health Organisation to engage in promotion of health in the partnership with some other division or community organisations, and identifying such partnerships as important to improve health results and outcomes for its distributed population. Political values A nation’s politics replicates on the values and historical encounter of the public. It means a country’s values are essential part of its individuality and unique outlook. Each country has its own unique history, which is influencing people’s lives. Every nation is having its individual political institutions, and the way it works in practice is having a big deal to do with the prevalent habits, expectations and beliefs of that nation. People can acquire their political values; their political identification and identity through a bigger political community like for instance, a nation over and done with a process of political socialisation. For example; here in New Zealand, as somewhere else, most people obtain their political values from their family members. Primarily, most of the cases, they acquire it from their parents, schools, and even the media which includes the internet, television, films, books, and music also they get it from news sources, work place , peers, and unto their own individual unique experiences that impacts health viewpoints. Several health educators have tried to present a more organised approach with the process in which people attain their certain principles and beliefs. Although there is so much diversity in every society, every nation has unique sights, being shared by most of the people, about politics, government and even could impact to health. A country’s political values/culture changes from time to time. Therefore, its viewpoint towards health could vary as well. New Zealand’s political growth is being considered more by evolution rather than revolution (slowly changing than hasty change) and New Zealand’s political system is functioning without a written legitimate statement of policy direction and principle. This country’s political value does not replicate a constant. Nevertheless, some features of a country’s general political outlook continue to be more or less persistent, and occasionally it’s strengthening over the time. That is why the approach to its political values through health could also vary from time to time. Health planning and implementation should conduct a survey and further first before implementing it. Religious beliefs Some sides of religion beliefs affect measures of disease, illness and death (Levin 1994). There will be several possible causal pathways, it includes t behaviour, effects psychosocially, religious faith and rites, also a divine explanations which includes â€Å"miracles† (Levin 1994). Various religions deliberately proscribe or sanction certain manners like for example: relating to alcohol, diet and sexual behaviour. New Zealand comprises a lot of religious beliefs. Some of it doesn’t agree with blood transfusions (Jehovah’s witnesses –religious group), and for other native people prefer having alternative herbal medicines rather than the modern medicines we are using now a days. However, religious membership could provide social support and encourage social cohesiveness. Beliefs may well lead to a better sense of coherence, though it could both boost up self-confidence and as well as contribute increase to guilt, self-doubt and the worst depression. It i s also very important to respect every belief we have as it is a right of every individual. Health education always contributes a big role in every society. It includes health awareness, prevention and healthcare alternatives from what they believe in. Human values It is said that human values are nearly unified with human life. They are tangled through our everyday tasks. There is no human life that is possible without having values and every human being exists by a certain values. It is merely the percentage and mixture of positive and negative values in which it split up a decent human being from a not so decent human being. Human values are important in relation to health. If you do care yourself, it will just simply reflect in to your health and even to others surrounding you. Human values or ethics is being emphasized as well to healthcare providers as their approach to their patients and clients. Showing compassion, love and sympathy is still the best therapeutic and effective way than giving just a medication to an ill person. Ethnicity New Zealand’s ethnicity data is basing on the individual self-identification principle. It is believed that self-identification is one of the most practical ways in bringing together this information. Overall, ethnicity questions in this country are drawing high responses. Publics involve ethnicity not only through traditional affiliation, on the other hand also with such aspects as race, lineage, country of current residence and country of birth. The precise mixture of all of these effects is not discernible from all the data collected. Young people also have a tendency to to declare several ethnicities more frequently rather than older people. Ethnicity is intensely related by almost each measure of disease and health. Well it is one of the robust ethnic influences; ethnicity is time and again used as a alternative for â€Å"culture† but then this could lead to inappropriate assumptions about the outcome of traditional influences towards health. Traditions New Zealand tradition is mainly inherited after European  custom and British people, intertwined with the Maoris and Polynesian custom. One of the traditions of the New Zealanders just before it was influenced by British is smoking tobacco. It is still most predominant especially for Maoris now days compared to any other tribal group in New Zealand. Generally, 40.4% of MÄ ori adults were being identified as current smokers much twice the smoking rate of the non-MÄ ori people. Smoking tobacco is one of the main causes of preventable death for MÄ ori people in New Zealand roughly 700 MÄ ori died/dying each year with different kinds of smoking related diseases. Health education about what smoking may cause to our health will always play a vital part. Though increased price rate for the cigarette market helps, public information like anti cigarette smoking campaign with the help of the media should take place to reduce mortality and diseases rate related to smoking. Second hand smoke could cause diseases and worst could kill children and adult who does not smoke, exposure to smoke (tobacco) could increase the chance of a pregnant woman to have miscarriage (abortion), pregnancy problems like stillborn birth; etc. smoking kills, it is best for the government to impose strict implementation towards smoking policies. The public concepts of what health is People usually think that health is just the absence of disease; it means that if you are not feeling any unusual into your body, you are considered healthy. Health is more than mere absence of disease; thus far, most of us think through ourselves well-off if we have been out of danger of major health mischance. We may say â€Å"so far so good† by way of a sense of relief. The (WHO) World Health Organization states that health is a encouraging impression, give emphasis to social and personal resources, also physical, spiritual and mental capabilities. Through proper health education with the help of the some health organisations, healthcare professionals, media, government, we can change the public concepts towards health. However, as there are multiple definitions of health, there are also multiple definitions of health education. It depends on the need of the society. Education for health originates through people. It hopes to encourage them with whatever interests they might have to improve their living conditions. It contains an appraisal of what is recognised by a population about a illness/disease, an valuation of attitudes and habits of the people as they relay to occurrence and spread of the disease, and to the presentation of exact means to remedy perceived insufficiencies. Health education is the best way to promote the real concept of health in the society. The public concepts of what illness is There are some cases of public beliefs/concepts that the cause of illnesses among oneself is based on your bad doings in your past life (karma) that is resulting to your illness in the present. Some said it is God’s punishment of your sins, and others say it is the effect of bad luck. Whatever perspective in life we may have, it is still important to know and to have knowledge about what illness are its causes, prevention and cure. The he importance the public put on health Public put on health is important now a day (21st century). Public healthcare shares similar general aims as the rest of the healthcare structure; which helps decreasing early death and reducing the effects of illness, injury and disability. Nonetheless, the key intent of public put on health is to uphold better and healthier residents. This is typical to a maintainable healthcare system, as well as it delivers social and economic benefits for the region, due to increased output. The concentration of public put on health is prevention than curing of illnesses/diseases. Public health speaks the health necessities of people as a whole as a substitute of individuals. Refining the health of the public frequently needs varying personal health behaviours.Health care workers work through high-risk society in an exertion in changing these behaviours. Though taking along when talking to change could takes time and involves a mixture of training/education, community improvement and healthy com munity policy. Public health organizations and professionals are practised at evaluating and examining population health problems, understanding evidence and examination to guide the improvement of health programs and policies, working with a range of partners in addressing public health issues. Public attitudes towards health and medical professionals The mass media is in the industry that affect on what and how public/people think towards health and medical professionals. However, people and or the public are able to neglect entirety they observe and see in the mass media because the scenes which are presented are not literally true. It might affect public’s viewpoint and it may lead to a good and or bad impression for the watchers and hearers. Based on my experience as a healthcare professional, most of the time I receive a good feedback from my clients. As they were seeking medical attention, they would think that nurses as one of their hope for their medical condition. Working with my profession, I felt respected and happy that somehow people would think nurses like me to be hardworking and compassionate individuals. I guess public attitudes towards health and a medical professional depends upon the previous experience a client encountered with a healthcare professional. Though media has a great contribution to the way they think, previous encounter and experiences still gives a big effect on it. It is always important to tell the public what a healthcare provider should do not only in words but also in deeds. A social and economic influence has a major effect on health and its causes of health disparities contain:education, income, occupation, employment, and racism. Central and even the local government policies must reduce the health disparities objectively and must be keep an eye on frequently at regional and national levels. The Public Health Association of New Zealand is very active involving in persuading public health policy. It provides information which includes boosting research, formulating strategies to an effective and practical public policy. Here are some policies they have been implementing to the public: Alcohol Every year, a problem related to alcohol causes approximately 700 deaths and decreasing $15 billion from the country’s economy. Because of this, the government folds over $300 million per year in alcohol removed taxes, and expend a small portion of this to reduce  problems from alcohol. Breastfeeding The Ministry of Health aims to increase full breastfeeding at the first trimester (three months) to 75% and also in increasing partial or full breastfeeding at second trimester (six months) to 70% to reduce neonatal abnormalities and even death. Rates of breastfeeding in New Zealand stayed still for some years though there is an obvious drop in breastfeeding rates starting the period of discharge from the hospital at six weeks. Increasing breastfeeding rates can give to the primary population health aims of the Health Strategy in New Zealand as follows: reducing obesity; improving nutrition; decreasing the rate of cancer; decreasing the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases; decreasing the incidence of diabetes; and improving oral health. Child health There is a distress about the apparently small value put on children and their care givers. After several reports and cries for intervention, there are still small good outcomes. The full effect of the decline and variations in policy is still clarifying. Succeeding debates with this concern, the New Zealand Public Health Association has recognised the need for intensive action to make the public backing up for children so strong that the government would just come to an agreement. There is a need to contribute a vulgar, solid â€Å"child health voice† together with the other organisations supporting for children. Conclusion Every culture forms our health as much as our genetic factor does. In such a way we describe ourselves culturally and traditionally by religious belief, sexual orientation, politics, age and so much more that affects what we will be doing for our health. A good professional healthcare provider identifies this by trying to learn about the various cultures of his/her clients. It is important to learn so much more and understand about the overall health views, beliefs and practices of a particular group and implementing and planning towards health will just follow.

Our Daily Bread Essay

Our Daily Bread, as the title suggests this is not about bread, as I hoped it was. Rather it’s about people earning their bread, their livelihood. The term ‘bread’ is derived from the larger term ‘bread-winner’ as the one who is the primary provider of the household, and the ‘daily bread’ is simply referring their daily livelihood. As my time spent in the US, I often used to wonder how the different food companies were able to produce mass amount of food to keep the population fed. This movie is the answer and the revelation of how food is produced in Europe and the Western hemisphere. The film starts off as we get a glimpse of daily sanitation rituals being carried off at a meat farm. The different scenes show us to transportation of livestock, machine assisted watering of plants, and a conveyor belt at a poultry farm where they separate the males from the female chickens (I know this as I have seen this done before in a different settin g). The machinery at poultry farm shows precision and efficiency as it sorts the young chicks into moving bins. The vaccination routine is also machine assisted which increases efficiency and production for the poultry farm. After few seconds, the young chicks have grown and we are shown the worker feeding them. The shot transitions into a break room where the worker is on a break with bread and tea, all alone. Next, we get the scene from a vegetable farm. A tractor picks the potatoes from the ground. Next shot, the workers prepare and wear protective gears to apply pesticides and fertilizers to the plants. But most of the work is done by machine assistance, needing almost no human intervention. It seems as the vegetables are being grown inside a greenhouse setting which allows vegetables to be grown all year long, without any weather restrictions. The only human labour being done is picking of the ripened vegetables. After work, the worker seem to be enjoying a small break, again alone. Now we see a bull and a cow where it seems breeding is in process. A closer look and we find that the workers are actually collecting the sperm. We find the sperm is transferred to medical examinations, I don’t kn ow exactly why but possibility could be to efficiently use the sperms to fertilize every fertile egg they can afford without any loss. And of course, we see a healthy calf being born. But it is pretty amusing to see how the cow was cut open and the calf was pulled out, how could that really be possible? How much medication could the animal be on since it wasn’t moving or making any noise as such? And are there any advantages of this type of birth for animal? Next, we see a series of shots of men in tractors who are doing farm work with machine assistance. This shows the efficiency that is earned by machine which helps humans achieve more with less time spent and more time to spend on luxury, or more work. We return back to the poultry farm, the egg farming room to be exact. The eggs are hatched and due to the design, they are conveniently accessible by the farmers to pick. A worker is shown to be holding a chicken as he walks around the egg farm, possibly to warn other hens who don’t lay eggs. In actual note, he maybe was checking for chickens which are dead. In the next shot, the workers are transported to a huge plantation to harvest crops growing under the ground, only time where tractors aren’t used. This is possibly the first time where machine use is limited to just watering the plants. Now we are shown our way to a pig farm. They are transported on a line into a machine where they are slaughtered by a machine. The human labour is limited to keep the line moving and in order. The machines are also used for most of the heavy work as boiling the skin and dissecting the pigs open. The human job is limited to cleaning up whatever else the machines may have left out and separating internal parts. We are also shown the marvel of modern technology with a biplane is used to fertilize the crops. There are also shots of heavy machinery usage in farms. Then we see a moving harvest truck where the outside workers are picking the vegetables and inside simply packaging them . Now we move to a cow-ranch. The cows are milked by machines in a rotating carousel. The cows don’t seem to mind so much, as it seems to be part of their daily routine. Next, a visit to the deep underground salt mines where machines are used to do most of the heavy work such as carrying out the salt from place to place and outside the mine itself. A transition moves from underground to underwater as we see a fish-farm where hundreds and hundreds of fishes are seen in a small area. This also makes it easier for the huge pipe to suck out the fishes from the water and into the boat. They are transported to a factory where humans align the fishes to feed into the machines. Apparently the machines haven’t learned to distinguish the fish head from the tail, yet. The fishes are cut and cleaned by series of machines and then moved onto another human where he puts them on another machine to move them to another section. Here, the worker seems pretty bored of the routine task he h as, perhaps feeling like the machine at this point because of his job task. Next we see bunch of workers cleaning the fish for final prep before shipping them out. Now we come to a pig-farm. The two series of shots seems interesting as the first represented insemination of pigs by tube and next shows the piglets born in captivity, just like ‘The Matrix’. Just like in the movies, they grow up and the next shot seems as if the male pigs were being castrated. One can only understand why so, as they don’t want to overproduce and give out the employees any bonuses. Or maybe not. The next series of shots show how chicken and cattle are prepared for consumption; as they are killed by the machines with little or less human effort required in the process. The final shot shows the end of the day routine- how everything is cleaned and sanitized for the next day of work. Despite all this, the workers in all places couldn’t wait for their daily bread, their hard earned break from their work. Perhaps the routine manner of their tasks has become so innate to them that they don’t seem to mind how their own food is being produced. For me, it was a bit amusing and shocking to see the conditions of animals but maybe after a few more views, I wouldn’t mind it either. This movie shows the heavy usage of machinery used in the production of food, be it salt, pigs, chicken, vegetables, fish, or pigs. It was also amusing, in a way, to see how breeding had gone into the next level by scientific usage to effectively get their result financially and also in economic ways to feed the ever growing world population. It seemed as almost if humans were not the only ones alienated from nature, but also the animals which were being artificially inseminated and mutilated against their wills. The workers didn’t seem to care much for what they were doing either, as long as it made their breads. It seemed as they had been trained to do this for so long that they were used to it- like machines with machine hearts and machine minds. In another view, the unnatural size of the bulls in the breeding house seemed as if they were so-much genetically engineered to produce the maximum amount of meat possible. Perhaps they had mixed something in the dry grass that was being blown into their small cages they were put-in. The growing population also has seemed to affect the unnatural process by which plants were grown with usages of pesticides and fertilizers. The use of greenhouses portrays, in a way, the plant’s alienation from nature as it was now possible to grow all plants in any weather or conditions. The absence of narration or subtitles leaves the movie-watcher to make their own conclusion and perspective. The filmmaker, as I understand, doesn’t want to change our habits but simply be aware of the ways in how the planet is being fed. If anything, this should be seen by as many people as possible to make them aware of the status of food production and the status of the subjects which are involved in the food production i.e. humans, plants and animals alike. I must say some of the scenes in the movie are quiet disturbing but that is the current status of our population and food production required to feed them.

Good to a Fault by Marina Endicott Essay

Take a moment and imagine a family of six traveling from city to city in order to survive, their only home, a car. Suddenly as their driving along a women speeds into them crashing, and wrecking their home. They are all then taken to a hospital, where the family discovers that the mother has progressive cancer in her lymph nodes. After this discovery, the father decides to skip town leaving his wife, three young children and elderly mother homeless. Good to a Fault by Marina Endicott is an exceptional novel. Endicott won the Commonwealth Writer’s Prize for Best book in Canada and the Caribbean for Good to a Fault. Why might you ask? Each character is so extraordinarily developed and so well described it feels as if you know them yourself. Their emotions, thoughts and actions are so personal that at the end of the novel Endicott has created a wonderful and realistic person. Their conflicts are so profound, that they are crippling to the characters that suffer under them. And a theme that so important that the book is named after it. Like most novels Good To A Fault has a variety characters with an array of personalities, thoughts and behaviors. What sets it aside from others, is the vivid characterization of not only the fundamental characters of the story, but even the characters that are only introduced once. The rotation of perspectives gives the novel a whole new view on each character’s true personality and on the conflicts they face. As Mary Jo Murphy from the New York Times said, â€Å"it’s the quieter introspective dramas, provided by Endicott’s skillful rotation among the characters’ points of view, that hold your attention.† Each character’s thoughts are described by the author in exact correspondence with their personalities. For example; Paul, who is a pastor, often indirectly makes allusions to faith. Like when he and Darwin are fixing up Clara’s basement Paul says, â€Å"Today is a time for rejuvenation â€Å"pg.153 or when he is speaking to Clara about her generosity towards the Gage’s he says â€Å"You sacrificed yourself for others† pg.329 Through this, Endicott solidifies Paul’s personality, tying him to his religion. Making Paul a symbol of Christianity which brings into question the faith of many characters. Allowing the reader to experience the many sides of faith. Apart from that , appearance and reputation help to build complete characters. Take the protagonist Clara , Paul describes her as â€Å"†¦single, childless of course, took care with her appearance, fortyish, Christian, and not in good spirits for some time since her mothers death.† pg.26. This information helps develop a rounded character. It isn’t enough just to say that Clara is a nice person, so that is why she takes care of the Gage family. The author uses her faith, age and relationship status to give reason for her generous actions. It helps the reader gain a better understanding of Clara’s personality, and accordingly builds a relationship between the reader and the protagonist. Above all things what sets this book aside from any other is the conflicts. Unlike most books the conflict of this story introduces itself in the very first paragraph, â€Å"The other car came from nowhere, speeding through on the yellow, going so fast it was almost safely past when Clara’s car caught it.†pg. 7. Because of this you would think that there would be no rising action, no excitement and no great lesson for the protagonist to learn, but you would be wrong. This conflict originally appears as if it will have the most impact, but it does not. In fact it stems off into several other conflicts that characters struggle with individually, and as a group. For instance, Lorraine’s diagnosis with cancer. This leads to her husband, Clayton, struggling to find his family a safe home, which he fails to do on his own. This leaves him bitter because instead of him finding a solution through hard work, he is left to stay with the very women who put them in the situation, Clara. As he says when confronting Clara at the hospital, â€Å"Hard on you? Hard to sit and watch the results of what you did?†pg23. He decides to deal with this by leaving the family. His actions burden Clara with the care of the family he left behind. Leading to Clara’s guilt of driving the children’s father away and leaving the mother all alone. Ultimately she struggles with the idea that she cares for the Gage family either out of guilt or to fill the empty spaces not only in her spare rooms, but in her life. It only took Endicott one simple incident to create a million other problems throughout the novel. Each conflict faced, allows the reader to understand more about each character’s role in the story. Finally molding the novel into the theme. The theme I took from this novel was ; personal satisfaction of goodwill is the only payment for charity,for if it’s not, the deeds bring no true meaning. However when I contacted Marina Endicott on twitter she described the theme as follows; â€Å"How the debt of charity is redeemed; Love your neighbour as yourself.† After Clara divorces her husband, she is left wounded by their short, detached marriage. Her parents then become ill and she must care for them. But soon they both die leaving Clara alone with all their possessions and burdens. When Clara opens up her home to the Gage family and a friend’s daughter, she must decide whether her actions are truly pure and for others benefit, or greedy and only being used to fill the void left by her parents and husband. So she questions herself, â€Å"I see what they need, but I am unwilling to help.†pg 25 When Clara takes in the Gage family she originally believes she is doing it to make up for the car accident she caused. As the visit becomes longer Clara grows more and more attached to the family as she brings them into her life. Caring for them soon becomes less of an obligation, and more of a desire as she grows to truly love the Gage’s like they were her own. She becomes so attached that she does not wish that they leave her home, and when they do she is deeply angered. â€Å"She did not want anything, except Pearce back, and Dolly, and Trevor; except the life she had left this afternoon, to run over and help Lorraine- to help her again!†pg.327 .This theme is a great topic that adds depth the novel. The whole story Clara is faced with deciding whether what she does is out of loneliness or out of good will. It is a topic that we should all consider when we decide to do something charitable. And yet another reason why I believe this is a wonderful piece of litterature. Ultimately this book incorporates everything that makes a good, memorable novel . It’s realistic, likeable and relatable characters keep the reader the attached to the story. These characters face conflicts that challenge them physically and emotional but lead them to fulfilling rewards. Finally these elements are all summed up to create a concrete theme of charity versus selfishness, a topic rarely touched on in our society. These elements of the novel piece the story together as a whole and make it strong enough to last the test of time. This is a great novel.

Importance Of Geography Essay - 873 Words

Justin Merry What is geography?......... And why do we study it? Geography is knowledge of not only where places are, but also why and how they are there. And also predicting where places may be in the future. The word geography originated from the Greeks. It literally translates to â€Å"Earth Description†. Which makes sense because thats exactly what geography is. Geography is an all encompassing discipline that seeks an understanding of the Earth and its human and natural complexities. Two terms often used in geography are human geography and physical geography. Human geography deals with studying people and their cultures economics and interaction with nature. Physical geography deals with studying the processes and patterns in the†¦show more content†¦The concept of â€Å"Place† helps geographers compare and contrast two different locations on Earth such as Antarctica and the Sahara Desert. So the theme â€Å"Place† basically tells what makes a cer tain location unique compared to other locations. The third theme of geography is â€Å"Region†. The theme â€Å"Region† is basically the opposite of the last theme â€Å"Place†. Region has to deal with areas that share common characteristics like spaces, schools, etc. The region can be identified using physical characteristics like climate and landforms. A region can also have multiple â€Å"Places† with unifying characteristics like climate and landforms even though they are not exactly the same, but very similar. Many regions have defined lines or boundaries such as a sea. There are human made regions also such as metropolitans like New York City in the United States, Tokyo in Japan, Beijing in China, and Mumbai in India. There are also â€Å"Vernacular† Regions which are defined with imaginary lines such as â€Å"The Middle-East† even though it is never mentioned on any maps of the Earth. So â€Å"Region† is areas with unifying characteristics. The fourth theme of geography is â€Å"Movement†. The Earth is full of movement. Which primarily is the movement of human beings, their goods and resources, and their ideas. Movement deals with the population, immigration, and emigration of humans. Us humansShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Geography Essay773 Words   |  4 PagesKerrigan Moore Why is Geography Important? Mrs. Bezy Geography Honors Period 8 8/14/17 Why is Geography Important? In geography there are five main themes that we learn about: location, place, region, movement, and human and environment interaction. There are various reasons why we study geography. Geography is what we use to locate things around the world. It can tell us where a state is, to where an exact street is. Geography is a very useful resource. 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